昆明理工大学学报(社会科学版)

引导物流企业在都市圈合理分布，是优化区域生产消费和产业链供应链布局的空间基础。基于我国2005—2020年物流企业数据，集成运用平均最近邻指数、核密度、标准差椭圆和LISA聚类等空间分析方法，分析了14个国家级都市圈物流企业的时空演化特征，并从政策引导、基础设施建设、产业融合与信息化平台建设四个方面提出了物流企业合理集聚分布的引导策略。结果表明：在研究期内，国家级都市圈的物流企业数量呈激增态势，综合服务型和运输型物流企业逐渐占据主导地位；物流企业以都市圈中心城市为核心形成集聚区，且集聚区域由“单核多中心”向“多核多中心”演化，空间分布重心逐步由西南向东北方向迁移；不同类型物流企业的时空演化存在异型性，仓储型企业集聚程度持续增强，邮政型企业和综合服务型企业呈波动型集聚特征，运输型物流企业空间集聚重心逐渐向外扩散；都市圈物流企业的空间集聚表现为“高-高”“高-低”“低-高”“低-低”四种聚类模式并存。其中，广州都市圈存在“虹吸效应”,长株潭和青岛都市圈“极化效应”显著。

Guiding the rational distribution of logistics enterprises in the metropolitan area is the spatial basis for optimizing regional production and consumption and industrial chain supply chain layout. Based on the data of logistics enterprises in China from 2005 to 2020, this paper analyzes the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of logistics enterprises in 14 national metropolitan areas by using spatial analysis methods such as average nearest neighbor index, kernel density, standard deviation ellipse and LISA clustering, and puts forward strategies to guide the rational agglomeration and distribution of logistics enterprises from four aspects: policy guidance, infrastructure construction, industrial integration and information platform construction. The results show that: during the study period, the number of logistics enterprises in the national metropolitan area has increased sharply, and comprehensive service-oriented and transportation-oriented logistics enterprises have gradually dominated; the logistics enterprises take the central city of the metropolitan area as the core to form the agglomeration area, and the agglomeration area evolves from “single-core multi-center” to “multi-core multi-center”, with spatial distribution. The center of gravity gradually moved from southwest to northeast; the spatial and temporal evolution of different types of logistics enterprises is heterogeneous. The degree of agglomeration of warehousing enterprises continues to increase, postal enterprises and comprehensive service-oriented enterprises show fluctuating agglomeration characteristics, and the spatial agglomeration center of transportation logistics enterprises gradually spreads outward.The spatial agglomeration of logistics enterprises in metropolitan areas is characterized by the coexistence of four clustering modes: “high-high”, “high-low”, “low-high” and “low-low”. There is a “siphon effect” in Guangzhou metropolitan area, and the “polarization effect” in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan and Qingdao metropolitan areas is significant.